Somalia

Sub-Saharan Africa·Low income

Population: 18.4M; 67th of 217
GDP: $12.1B; 151st of 214 · 2024
GDP per capita: $637; 208th of 214 · 2024
Life expectancy: 58.8; 212th of 217

Benchmarked against

Somalia

Mozambique

Congo, Democratic Republic of

Eritrea

Niger

Default peers are drawn from region, income, and bloc membership — swap in any country you like. The gray tick on each strip is the world median.

low-income African Horn economy; 30 years of war and instability crippled economic potential; high remittances for basic survival; new fiscal federalism approach; cleared some unsustainable debt; environmentally fragile; digitally driven urbanization efforts

Area: 637,657 km²
Resources: uranium and largely unexploited reserves of iron ore, tin, gypsum, bauxite, copper, salt…
Borders: Djibouti; Ethiopia 1,640 km; Kenya

Religion

who identifies with what, 2020

world view →

Muslim99.8%

Religious diversity: 0.0388 / 10 · very low · 191st of 193

Change markers show percentage-point shifts from 2010 to 2020 · Pew Research Center, Religious Composition 2010–2020.

Score card

quartile grades among all countries with data

A · Top quartileB · Above medianC · Below medianD · Bottom quartile

Topic

SOM

MOZ

COD

ERI

GDP

current US$

$12.1B–––

GDP per capita

current US$

–––

GDP per capita, PPP

international $

–––

GDP growth

annual %

–––

GNI per capita

Atlas method, US$

–––

Inflation

GDP deflator, annual %

–––

FDI inflows

current US$

$677M–––

Merchandise trade

% of GDP

43.8%–––

Agriculture value added

% of GDP

55.8%–––

Industry value added

% of GDP

9.7%–––

Unemployment

% of labor force

–––

Population

people

18.4M–––

Population density

people per km²

28.4–––

Urban population

% of total

47.9%–––

Life expectancy

years at birth

–––

Fertility rate

births per woman

6.1–––

Net migration

people

26.9K–––

Population under 15

% of total

46.6%–––

Population 65+

% of total

2.6%–––

Infant mortality

per 1,000 live births

–––

Under-5 mortality

per 1,000 live births

–––

Health expenditure

% of GDP

2.6%–––

Physicians

per 1,000 people

–––

Adult literacy

% ages 15+

–––

Internet users

% of population

–––

Mobile subscriptions

per 100 people

–––

Fixed broadband

per 100 people

–––

Secure internet servers

per 1M people

–––

Access to electricity

% of population

–––

Energy use per capita

kWh

190.1–––

Electricity per capita

kWh

22.9–––

Electricity generation

TWh

0.4–––

Renewable electricity

% of generation

–––

Fossil electricity

% of generation

–––

CO₂ emissions

Mt per year

–––

CO₂ per capita

t per person

–––

Share of global CO₂

0%–––

GHG per capita

t CO₂e per person

–––

Top 1% income share

% of pre-tax income

–––

Top 10% income share

% of pre-tax income

–––

Bottom 50% income share

% of pre-tax income

–––

Top 1% wealth share

% of net wealth

–––

Gini, pre-tax income

0–1

–––

Electoral democracy

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Liberal democracy

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Civil liberties

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Political corruption

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Academic freedom

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Corruption perceptions

CPI, 0–100

–––

Control of corruption

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

–––

Government effectiveness

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

–––

Rule of law

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

–––

Political stability

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

–––

Women's political empowerment

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Conflict deaths

deaths per year, best estimate

–––

State-based conflict deaths

deaths per year, best estimate

–––

One-sided violence deaths

civilian deaths per year

–––

Religious diversity

Pew RDI, 0–10

0.0388–––

Religiously unaffiliated

% of population

0%–––

Happiness

Cantril ladder, 0–10

–––

Global Peace Index

1–5

–––

Economy & Trade

Output, growth, prices, and openness

theme overview →

GDP

current US$

#151/214

$12.1B2024

GDP per capita

current US$

#208/214

$6372024

GDP per capita, PPP

international $

#200/203

$1,557latest

GDP growth

annual %

#74/214

4%2024

GNI per capita

Atlas method, US$

#201/207

$6002024

Inflation

GDP deflator, annual %

#182/213

9.7%2024

FDI inflows

current US$

#109/201

$677M2023

Merchandise trade

% of GDP

#138/205

43.8%2024

Agriculture value added

% of GDP

#1/206

55.8%1990

Industry value added

% of GDP

#190/208

9.7%1986

Unemployment

% of labor force

#179/187

18.9%latest

People & Society

Population structure, urbanization, and migration

theme overview →

Population

people

#67/217

18.4Mlatest

Population density

people per km²

#172/216

28.4latest

Urban population

% of total

#152/215

47.9%latest

Life expectancy

years at birth

#212/217

58.8latest

Fertility rate

births per woman

#1/217

6.1latest

Net migration

people

#33/217

26.9K2024

Population under 15

% of total

#3/217

46.6%2024

Population 65+

% of total

#206/217

2.6%2024

Health & Education

Longevity, mortality, learning, and public spending

theme overview →

Infant mortality

per 1,000 live births

#195/196

67.8latest

Under-5 mortality

per 1,000 live births

#194/196

104latest

Health expenditure

% of GDP

#185/192

2.6%latest

Physicians

per 1,000 people

#193/195

0latest

Adult literacy

% ages 15+

#146/160

54%latest

Connectivity

Internet, mobile, and digital infrastructure

theme overview →

Internet users

% of population

#187/210

27.6%latest

Mobile subscriptions

per 100 people

#198/214

542023

Fixed broadband

per 100 people

#172/208

0.72023

Secure internet servers

per 1M people

#201/215

142024

Access to electricity

% of population

#200/215

50.3%latest

Energy & Climate

Energy use, electricity mix, and emissions

theme overview →

Energy use per capita

kWh

#197/198

190.12023

Electricity per capita

kWh

#201/202

22.92023

Electricity generation

TWh

#177/202

0.42023

Renewable electricity

% of generation

#128/202

19%2023

Fossil electricity

% of generation

#133/202

81%2023

CO₂ emissions

Mt per year

#42/204

1.32024

CO₂ per capita

t per person

#3/204

0.12024

Share of global CO₂

#163/204

0%2024

GHG per capita

t CO₂e per person

#44/193

2.52023

Inequality

Who gets what — top and bottom shares of income and wealth, from tax data and national accounts

theme overview →

Top 1% income share

% of pre-tax income

#94/210

0.2%2024

Top 10% income share

% of pre-tax income

#116/210

0.5%2024

Bottom 50% income share

% of pre-tax income

#136/210

0.1%2024

Top 1% wealth share

% of net wealth

#94/210

0.3%2024

Gini, pre-tax income

0–1

#137/210

0.5862024

Governance & Democracy

Democratic institutions, corruption, and rule of law

theme overview →

Electoral democracy

V-Dem, 0–1

#150/175

0.1652025

Liberal democracy

V-Dem, 0–1

#125/175

0.1282025

Civil liberties

V-Dem, 0–1

#130/175

0.4542025

Political corruption

V-Dem, 0–1

#160/175

0.872025

Academic freedom

V-Dem, 0–1

#106/175

0.4942025

Corruption perceptions

CPI, 0–100

#178/178

122022

Control of corruption

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

#192/193

-1.792022

Government effectiveness

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

#190/193

-2.032022

Rule of law

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

#193/193

-2.292022

Political stability

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

#191/193

-2.482022

Women's political empowerment

V-Dem, 0–1

#167/175

0.3372025

Conflict & Security

Organized violence since 1989 — every battle death georeferenced by the Uppsala Conflict Data Program

theme overview →

Conflict deaths

deaths per year, best estimate

#117/126

3,8722025

State-based conflict deaths

deaths per year, best estimate

#119/126

3,0952025

One-sided violence deaths

civilian deaths per year

#91/126

32025

Values & Beliefs

What people hold sacred, permit, and pass on — from 40 years of World Values Survey interviews

theme overview →

Religious diversity

Pew RDI, 0–10

#191/193

0.03882020

Religiously unaffiliated

% of population

#182/193

0%2020

Development & Wellbeing

Composite measures of how life is going

theme overview →

Happiness

Cantril ladder, 0–10

#125/164

4.512025

Global Peace Index

1–5

#152/158

3.042023

Explore any measure in depth on its own page — try GDP per capita or electoral democracy.