Panama

Latin America & Caribbean·High income

Population: 4.46M; 128th of 217
GDP: $86.3B; 78th of 214 · 2024
GDP per capita: $19,103; 76th of 214 · 2024
Life expectancy: 79.6; 55th of 217
Human development: 0.805; 60th of 189 · 2021

Benchmarked against

Panama

Trinidad and Tobago

Costa Rica

Curaçao

St. Martin (French part)

Default peers are drawn from region, income, and bloc membership — swap in any country you like. The gray tick on each strip is the world median.

upper middle-income Central American economy; increasing Chinese trade; US dollar user; canal expansion fueling broader infrastructure investment; services sector dominates economy; historic money-laundering and illegal drug hub

Area: 75,420 km²
Resources: copper, mahogany forests, shrimp, hydropower
Borders: Colombia; Costa Rica

Religion

who identifies with what, 2020

world view →

Christian91.2%▼ 2.0pt
Unaffiliated6.2%
Other2.1%▲ 1.7pt

Religious diversity: 1.92 / 10 · low · 128th of 193

Change markers show percentage-point shifts from 2010 to 2020 · Pew Research Center, Religious Composition 2010–2020.

Score card

quartile grades among all countries with data

A · Top quartileB · Above medianC · Below medianD · Bottom quartile

Topic

PAN

TTO

CRI

CUW

GDP

current US$

$86.3B–––

GDP per capita

current US$

–––

GDP per capita, PPP

international $

–––

GDP growth

annual %

–––

GNI per capita

Atlas method, US$

–––

Inflation

GDP deflator, annual %

–––

FDI inflows

current US$

$3.24B–––

Merchandise trade

% of GDP

45.5%–––

Agriculture value added

% of GDP

2.6%–––

Industry value added

% of GDP

26.3%–––

Unemployment

% of labor force

–––

Gini index

0–100

–––

Extreme poverty

% below $2.15/day

–––

GDP per capita, long run

2011 int'l $

–––

Human capital index

PWT, schooling × returns

–––

Labor share of GDP

share, 0–1

0.328–––

Total factor productivity

level, US = 1

–––

Population

people

4.46M–––

Population density

people per km²

59.3–––

Urban population

% of total

69.5%–––

Life expectancy

years at birth

–––

Fertility rate

births per woman

2.1–––

Net migration

people

6,706–––

Population under 15

% of total

24.9%–––

Population 65+

% of total

9.4%–––

Infant mortality

per 1,000 live births

–––

Under-5 mortality

per 1,000 live births

–––

Health expenditure

% of GDP

8.5%–––

Physicians

per 1,000 people

–––

Adult literacy

% ages 15+

–––

Education expenditure

% of GDP

3.4%–––

Tertiary enrollment

% gross

–––

Internet users

% of population

–––

Mobile subscriptions

per 100 people

–––

Fixed broadband

per 100 people

–––

Secure internet servers

per 1M people

–––

Access to electricity

% of population

–––

Energy use per capita

kWh

22.9K–––

Electricity per capita

kWh

2,886.5–––

Electricity generation

TWh

12.9–––

Renewable electricity

% of generation

–––

Fossil electricity

% of generation

–––

CO₂ emissions

Mt per year

–––

CO₂ per capita

t per person

–––

Share of global CO₂

0%–––

GHG per capita

t CO₂e per person

–––

Top 1% income share

% of pre-tax income

–––

Top 10% income share

% of pre-tax income

–––

Bottom 50% income share

% of pre-tax income

–––

Top 1% wealth share

% of net wealth

–––

Gini, pre-tax income

0–1

–––

Electoral democracy

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Liberal democracy

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Civil liberties

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Political corruption

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Academic freedom

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Corruption perceptions

CPI, 0–100

–––

Control of corruption

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

–––

Government effectiveness

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

–––

Rule of law

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

–––

Political stability

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

–––

Women's political empowerment

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Conflict deaths

deaths per year, best estimate

–––

State-based conflict deaths

deaths per year, best estimate

–––

One-sided violence deaths

civilian deaths per year

–––

Religious diversity

Pew RDI, 0–10

1.92–––

Religiously unaffiliated

% of population

6.2%–––

Human Development Index

UNDP, 0–1

–––

Gender inequality

GII, 0–1

–––

Happiness

Cantril ladder, 0–10

–––

Global Peace Index

1–5

–––

Economy & Trade

Output, growth, prices, and openness

theme overview →

GDP

current US$

#78/214

$86.3B2024

GDP per capita

current US$

#76/214

$19,1032024

GDP per capita, PPP

international $

#61/203

$39,803latest

GDP growth

annual %

#119/214

2.9%2024

GNI per capita

Atlas method, US$

#70/207

$17,9602024

Inflation

GDP deflator, annual %

#26/213

0.7%2024

FDI inflows

current US$

#56/201

$3.24B2024

Merchandise trade

% of GDP

#132/205

45.5%2024

Agriculture value added

% of GDP

#141/206

2.6%2024

Industry value added

% of GDP

#76/208

26.3%2024

Unemployment

% of labor force

#122/187

6.5%latest

Gini index

0–100

#157/168

48.9latest

Extreme poverty

% below $2.15/day

#88/168

3.7%latest

GDP per capita, long run

2011 int'l $

#53/165

$23,5572022

Human capital index

PWT, schooling × returns

#63/144

2.972023

Labor share of GDP

share, 0–1

#124/139

0.3282023

Total factor productivity

level, US = 1

#40/119

0.742023

People & Society

Population structure, urbanization, and migration

theme overview →

Population

people

#128/217

4.46Mlatest

Population density

people per km²

#144/216

59.3latest

Urban population

% of total

#90/215

69.5%latest

Life expectancy

years at birth

#55/217

79.6latest

Fertility rate

births per woman

#97/217

2.1latest

Net migration

people

#51/217

6,7062024

Population under 15

% of total

#97/217

24.9%2024

Population 65+

% of total

#102/217

9.4%2024

Health & Education

Longevity, mortality, learning, and public spending

theme overview →

Infant mortality

per 1,000 live births

#82/196

10.6latest

Under-5 mortality

per 1,000 live births

#90/196

13.3latest

Health expenditure

% of GDP

#54/192

8.5%latest

Physicians

per 1,000 people

#94/195

1.7latest

Adult literacy

% ages 15+

#70/160

96%latest

Education expenditure

% of GDP

#137/199

3.4%latest

Tertiary enrollment

% gross

#69/194

58.2%latest

Connectivity

Internet, mobile, and digital infrastructure

theme overview →

Internet users

% of population

#114/210

78%latest

Mobile subscriptions

per 100 people

#25/214

156.62023

Fixed broadband

per 100 people

#90/208

18.12023

Secure internet servers

per 1M people

#87/215

2,234.52024

Access to electricity

% of population

#149/215

97%latest

Energy & Climate

Energy use, electricity mix, and emissions

theme overview →

Energy use per capita

kWh

#71/198

22.9K2023

Electricity per capita

kWh

#93/202

2,886.52023

Electricity generation

TWh

#100/202

12.92023

Renewable electricity

% of generation

#55/202

61.8%2023

Fossil electricity

% of generation

#66/202

38.2%2023

CO₂ emissions

Mt per year

#104/204

12.72024

CO₂ per capita

t per person

#97/204

2.82024

Share of global CO₂

#101/204

0%2024

GHG per capita

t CO₂e per person

#109/193

5.72023

Inequality

Who gets what — top and bottom shares of income and wealth, from tax data and national accounts

theme overview →

Top 1% income share

% of pre-tax income

#182/210

0.2%2024

Top 10% income share

% of pre-tax income

#170/210

0.5%2024

Bottom 50% income share

% of pre-tax income

#186/210

0.1%2024

Top 1% wealth share

% of net wealth

#160/210

0.3%2024

Gini, pre-tax income

0–1

#186/210

0.6512024

Governance & Democracy

Democratic institutions, corruption, and rule of law

theme overview →

Electoral democracy

V-Dem, 0–1

#49/175

0.7282025

Liberal democracy

V-Dem, 0–1

#48/175

0.5752025

Civil liberties

V-Dem, 0–1

#48/175

0.8742025

Political corruption

V-Dem, 0–1

#86/175

0.4852025

Academic freedom

V-Dem, 0–1

#14/175

0.9142025

Corruption perceptions

CPI, 0–100

#105/178

362022

Control of corruption

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

#133/193

-0.6352022

Government effectiveness

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

#96/193

-0.1272022

Rule of law

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

#112/193

-0.362022

Political stability

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

#80/193

0.2982022

Women's political empowerment

V-Dem, 0–1

#97/175

0.7422025

Conflict & Security

Organized violence since 1989 — every battle death georeferenced by the Uppsala Conflict Data Program

theme overview →

Conflict deaths

deaths per year, best estimate

#50/126

02025

State-based conflict deaths

deaths per year, best estimate

#62/126

02025

One-sided violence deaths

civilian deaths per year

#60/126

02025

Values & Beliefs

What people hold sacred, permit, and pass on — from 40 years of World Values Survey interviews

theme overview →

Religious diversity

Pew RDI, 0–10

#128/193

1.922020

Religiously unaffiliated

% of population

#77/193

6.2%2020

Development & Wellbeing

Composite measures of how life is going

theme overview →

Human Development Index

UNDP, 0–1

#60/189

0.8052021

Gender inequality

GII, 0–1

#96/170

0.3922021

Happiness

Cantril ladder, 0–10

#39/164

6.552025

Global Peace Index

1–5

#67/158

1.942023

Explore any measure in depth on its own page — try GDP per capita or electoral democracy.