Latvia

Europe & Central Asia·High incomeOECDEU

Population: 1.88M; 149th of 217
GDP: $43.5B; 102nd of 214 · 2024
GDP per capita: $23,368; 67th of 214 · 2024
Life expectancy: 75.7; 99th of 217
Human development: 0.863; 38th of 189 · 2021

Benchmarked against

Latvia

Hungary

Croatia

Greece

Poland

Default peers are drawn from region, income, and bloc membership — swap in any country you like. The gray tick on each strip is the world median.

high-income EU and eurozone member; weak recovery following economic contraction, with slight increase in private consumption and uncertain trade environment; challenges from skilled-labor shortages, capital market access, large informal sector, and green and digital transitions

Area: 64,589 km²
Resources: peat, limestone, dolomite, amber, hydropower, timber, arable land
Borders: Belarus; Estonia; Lithuania; Russia

Religion

who identifies with what, 2020

world view →

Christian77.3%▼ 5.6pt
Unaffiliated17%▲ 6.0pt
Other4.7%
Muslim0.7%

Religious diversity: 4.34 / 10 · moderate · 72nd of 193

Change markers show percentage-point shifts from 2010 to 2020 · Pew Research Center, Religious Composition 2010–2020.

Score card

quartile grades among all countries with data

A · Top quartileB · Above medianC · Below medianD · Bottom quartile

Topic

LVA

HUN

HRV

GRC

GDP

current US$

$43.5B–––

GDP per capita

current US$

–––

GDP per capita, PPP

international $

–––

GDP growth

annual %

–––

GNI per capita

Atlas method, US$

–––

Inflation

GDP deflator, annual %

–––

FDI inflows

current US$

$1.29B–––

Merchandise trade

% of GDP

101.5%–––

Agriculture value added

% of GDP

4.1%–––

Industry value added

% of GDP

19.9%–––

Unemployment

% of labor force

–––

Gini index

0–100

–––

Extreme poverty

% below $2.15/day

–––

Population

people

1.88M–––

Population density

people per km²

30.2–––

Urban population

% of total

68.7%–––

Life expectancy

years at birth

–––

Fertility rate

births per woman

1.4–––

Net migration

people

-2,225–––

Population under 15

% of total

15.4%–––

Population 65+

% of total

21.7%–––

Infant mortality

per 1,000 live births

–––

Under-5 mortality

per 1,000 live births

–––

Health expenditure

% of GDP

7.6%–––

Physicians

per 1,000 people

–––

Adult literacy

% ages 15+

–––

Education expenditure

% of GDP

4.6%–––

Tertiary enrollment

% gross

–––

Safe drinking water

% of population

–––

Internet users

% of population

–––

Mobile subscriptions

per 100 people

–––

Fixed broadband

per 100 people

–––

Secure internet servers

per 1M people

–––

Access to electricity

% of population

–––

Energy use per capita

kWh

20.7K–––

Electricity per capita

kWh

3,451.1–––

Electricity generation

TWh

6.5–––

Renewable electricity

% of generation

–––

Fossil electricity

% of generation

–––

CO₂ emissions

Mt per year

–––

CO₂ per capita

t per person

–––

Share of global CO₂

0%–––

GHG per capita

t CO₂e per person

–––

Electoral democracy

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Liberal democracy

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Corruption perceptions

CPI, 0–100

–––

Control of corruption

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

–––

Government effectiveness

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

–––

Rule of law

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

–––

Political stability

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

–––

Women's political empowerment

V-Dem, 0–1

–––

Emancipative values

Welzel index, 0–1

0.616–––

Secular values

Welzel index, 0–1

0.332–––

Importance of God

mean, 1–10

5.11–––

Acceptance of homosexuality

justifiable, 1–10

3.34–––

Acceptance of abortion

justifiable, 1–10

4.74–––

Acceptance of divorce

justifiable, 1–10

6.08–––

Bribery seen as justifiable

1–10

–––

Tax cheating seen as justifiable

1–10

–––

Men should get jobs first

% agreeing

18.8%–––

Men make better leaders

agree, 1–4

2.4–––

Wouldn't want neighbors of another race

% mentioning

17.2%–––

Wouldn't want immigrant neighbors

% mentioning

30.4%–––

Children should learn independence

% mentioning

70.4%–––

Children should learn obedience

% mentioning

16%–––

Environment over economy

% choosing environment

38.4%–––

Luck matters more than work

1–10

4.59–––

Religious diversity

Pew RDI, 0–10

4.34–––

Religiously unaffiliated

% of population

17%–––

Most people can be trusted

% agreeing

–––

Confidence in government

mean, 1–4

2.07–––

Confidence in the press

mean, 1–4

2.16–––

Confidence in courts

mean, 1–4

2.54–––

Support for a strong leader

good system, 1–4

2.52–––

Importance of democracy

mean, 1–10

8.29–––

National pride

mean, 1–4

3.17–––

Would fight for country

% yes

61.7%–––

Interest in politics

mean, 1–4

2.26–––

Human Development Index

UNDP, 0–1

–––

Gender inequality

GII, 0–1

–––

Happiness

Cantril ladder, 0–10

–––

Freedom & control over life

mean, 1–10

–––

Life satisfaction

mean, 1–10

–––

Global Peace Index

1–5

–––

Military expenditure

% of GDP

2.3%–––

Economy & Trade

Output, growth, prices, and openness

theme overview →

GDP

current US$

#102/214

$43.5B2024

GDP per capita

current US$

#67/214

$23,3682024

GDP per capita, PPP

international $

#59/203

$41,810latest

GDP growth

annual %

#193/214

-0.4%2024

GNI per capita

Atlas method, US$

#60/207

$21,9302024

Inflation

GDP deflator, annual %

#61/213

2.6%2024

FDI inflows

current US$

#84/201

$1.29B2024

Merchandise trade

% of GDP

#27/205

101.5%2024

Agriculture value added

% of GDP

#120/206

4.1%2024

Industry value added

% of GDP

#132/208

19.9%2024

Unemployment

% of labor force

#119/187

6.5%latest

Gini index

0–100

#67/168

33.7latest

Extreme poverty

% below $2.15/day

#41/168

0.4%latest

People & Society

Population structure, urbanization, and migration

theme overview →

Population

people

#149/217

1.88Mlatest

Population density

people per km²

#170/216

30.2latest

Urban population

% of total

#96/215

68.7%latest

Life expectancy

years at birth

#99/217

75.7latest

Fertility rate

births per woman

#186/217

1.4latest

Net migration

people

#125/217

-2,2252024

Population under 15

% of total

#176/217

15.4%2024

Population 65+

% of total

#20/217

21.7%2024

Health & Education

Longevity, mortality, learning, and public spending

theme overview →

Infant mortality

per 1,000 live births

#18/196

2.5latest

Under-5 mortality

per 1,000 live births

#18/196

3latest

Health expenditure

% of GDP

#72/192

7.6%latest

Physicians

per 1,000 people

#44/195

3.4latest

Adult literacy

% ages 15+

#10/160

99.9%latest

Education expenditure

% of GDP

#80/199

4.6%latest

Tertiary enrollment

% gross

#17/194

91.3%latest

Safe drinking water

% of population

#41/139

97.1%latest

Connectivity

Internet, mobile, and digital infrastructure

theme overview →

Internet users

% of population

#42/210

92.2%latest

Mobile subscriptions

per 100 people

#91/214

119.92023

Fixed broadband

per 100 people

#71/208

262023

Secure internet servers

per 1M people

#41/215

28.3K2024

Access to electricity

% of population

#63/215

100%latest

Energy & Climate

Energy use, electricity mix, and emissions

theme overview →

Energy use per capita

kWh

#74/198

20.7K2024

Electricity per capita

kWh

#84/202

3,451.12024

Electricity generation

TWh

#117/202

6.52024

Renewable electricity

% of generation

#40/202

74.3%2024

Fossil electricity

% of generation

#50/202

25.7%2024

CO₂ emissions

Mt per year

#77/204

6.52024

CO₂ per capita

t per person

#110/204

3.52024

Share of global CO₂

#126/204

0%2024

GHG per capita

t CO₂e per person

#137/193

7.62023

Governance & Democracy

Democratic institutions, corruption, and rule of law

theme overview →

Electoral democracy

V-Dem, 0–1

#25/172

0.8212022

Liberal democracy

V-Dem, 0–1

#29/172

0.732022

Corruption perceptions

CPI, 0–100

#38/178

592022

Control of corruption

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

#42/193

0.6942022

Government effectiveness

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

#41/193

0.6922022

Rule of law

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

#35/193

0.9222022

Political stability

WGI, −2.5 to 2.5

#69/193

0.4812022

Women's political empowerment

V-Dem, 0–1

#5/172

0.9532022

Values & Beliefs

What people hold sacred, permit, and pass on — from 40 years of World Values Survey interviews

theme overview →

Emancipative values

Welzel index, 0–1

#11/104

0.6161996

Secular values

Welzel index, 0–1

#59/105

0.3321996

Importance of God

mean, 1–10

#89/113

5.112021

Acceptance of homosexuality

justifiable, 1–10

#54/112

3.342021

Acceptance of abortion

justifiable, 1–10

#30/114

4.742021

Acceptance of divorce

justifiable, 1–10

#32/114

6.082021

Bribery seen as justifiable

1–10

#46/114

1.612021

Tax cheating seen as justifiable

1–10

#69/111

2.272021

Men should get jobs first

% agreeing

#86/113

18.8%2021

Men make better leaders

agree, 1–4

#55/109

2.42021

Wouldn't want neighbors of another race

% mentioning

#51/112

17.2%2021

Wouldn't want immigrant neighbors

% mentioning

#29/112

30.4%2021

Children should learn independence

% mentioning

#8/114

70.4%2021

Children should learn obedience

% mentioning

#93/114

16%2021

Environment over economy

% choosing environment

#100/110

38.4%2021

Luck matters more than work

1–10

#50/109

4.591996

Religious diversity

Pew RDI, 0–10

#72/193

4.342020

Religiously unaffiliated

% of population

#41/193

17%2020

Trust & Institutions

Who people trust, and how much faith they place in government, press, and courts

theme overview →

Most people can be trusted

% agreeing

#50/114

23%2021

Confidence in government

mean, 1–4

#79/112

2.072021

Confidence in the press

mean, 1–4

#72/113

2.162021

Confidence in courts

mean, 1–4

#54/110

2.542021

Support for a strong leader

good system, 1–4

#48/111

2.522021

Importance of democracy

mean, 1–10

#60/104

8.292021

National pride

mean, 1–4

#98/114

3.172021

Would fight for country

% yes

#81/113

61.7%2021

Interest in politics

mean, 1–4

#68/114

2.262021

Development & Wellbeing

Composite measures of how life is going

theme overview →

Human Development Index

UNDP, 0–1

#38/189

0.8632021

Gender inequality

GII, 0–1

#40/170

0.1512021

Happiness

Cantril ladder, 0–10

#49/164

6.372025

Freedom & control over life

mean, 1–10

#95/113

6.572021

Life satisfaction

mean, 1–10

#71/114

6.922021

Global Peace Index

1–5

#27/158

1.582023

Military expenditure

% of GDP

#51/161

2.3%latest

Explore any measure in depth on its own page — try GDP per capita or electoral democracy.